* No wet diapers for 8 hours, and signs of dehydration are already mentioned above. * High fever. * Bloody stool. * Drowsiness extraordinary, limp, difficult to wake. * If children experience chronic diarrhea.
EAR INFECTION
* Bring the kids to the doctor if you suspect otitis media. But please remember, your doctor will not automatically give antibiotics every time the child's ear looked red. * Infants and young children at risk for frequent ear infections * Otitis media did not always have to be treated with antibiotics * For a long time (up to 3 months) after otitis media, there will be fluid in the middle ear cavity. This is a normal condition and does not require any treatment.
Vomiting
Vomiting is not accompanied by other symptoms and does not repeat, usually not something to worry about. Bring your child immediately to hospital if:
* Vomiting green. * Stomach pain for 6 hours. * The spots are pink / purple that does not disappear when pressed.
Call your doctor if the child shows the following symptoms:
* The baby vomited during the last 6 hours or a child for 12 hours * If your baby shows symptoms of dehydration (large crown concave (baby), his eyes sunken, dry lips; urinate a little older and more colorful than usual; decreased skin elasticity. * Do not want to drink. * Drowsiness extraordinary and fussy.
Emergency CONDITIONS: Identify
o Drowsiness extraordinary (drowsiness). Somewhat decreased awareness, decreased eye contact. Various stimuli (including the sound stimulus) caused no response from the child's party o lethargy or decreased activity. Children lay limp, feet and hands are rarely driven. Children are also not interested to engage in an activity. o Disturbance of breath. Children breathing fast or moaning while breathing, or every time you inhale, your chest muscles drawn into. o Do not want to drink or eat (poor feeding). Drank much less than usual. Babies do not want to suck or meneteknya very rare and weak hisapannya. Non-breastfed babies drink only half of the needs within 24 hours. Babies also refused to eat altogether. o Vomiting spraying. Vomiting is nothing to do with eating or drinking, there is no relation to the cough. Strong vomiting occur suddenly. Think about the possibility of increased pressure in the cavity of the head as is common in meningitis. o The production of urine decreases or severe dehydration. Children urinate less than 4 times in 24 hours (diaper remains dry for 6 to 8 hours). o The baby choked on (a baby can not breathe, face becomes red and blue). o Diarrhea continually over the last 12 hours. Great vomiting. o Other conditions which also need to be brought to the health care unit is green berwana vomiting, recurrent seizures or long, high fever (especially fever in bayiberusia less than 6 months), hernias, and constantly fussing inconsolably
* Bring the kids to the doctor if you suspect otitis media. But please remember, your doctor will not automatically give antibiotics every time the child's ear looked red. * Infants and young children at risk for frequent ear infections * Otitis media did not always have to be treated with antibiotics * For a long time (up to 3 months) after otitis media, there will be fluid in the middle ear cavity. This is a normal condition and does not require any treatment.
Vomiting
Vomiting is not accompanied by other symptoms and does not repeat, usually not something to worry about. Bring your child immediately to hospital if:
* Vomiting green. * Stomach pain for 6 hours. * The spots are pink / purple that does not disappear when pressed.
Call your doctor if the child shows the following symptoms:
* The baby vomited during the last 6 hours or a child for 12 hours * If your baby shows symptoms of dehydration (large crown concave (baby), his eyes sunken, dry lips; urinate a little older and more colorful than usual; decreased skin elasticity. * Do not want to drink. * Drowsiness extraordinary and fussy.
Emergency CONDITIONS: Identify
o Drowsiness extraordinary (drowsiness). Somewhat decreased awareness, decreased eye contact. Various stimuli (including the sound stimulus) caused no response from the child's party o lethargy or decreased activity. Children lay limp, feet and hands are rarely driven. Children are also not interested to engage in an activity. o Disturbance of breath. Children breathing fast or moaning while breathing, or every time you inhale, your chest muscles drawn into. o Do not want to drink or eat (poor feeding). Drank much less than usual. Babies do not want to suck or meneteknya very rare and weak hisapannya. Non-breastfed babies drink only half of the needs within 24 hours. Babies also refused to eat altogether. o Vomiting spraying. Vomiting is nothing to do with eating or drinking, there is no relation to the cough. Strong vomiting occur suddenly. Think about the possibility of increased pressure in the cavity of the head as is common in meningitis. o The production of urine decreases or severe dehydration. Children urinate less than 4 times in 24 hours (diaper remains dry for 6 to 8 hours). o The baby choked on (a baby can not breathe, face becomes red and blue). o Diarrhea continually over the last 12 hours. Great vomiting. o Other conditions which also need to be brought to the health care unit is green berwana vomiting, recurrent seizures or long, high fever (especially fever in bayiberusia less than 6 months), hernias, and constantly fussing inconsolably
In general, fever is not harmful, however, there are several situations in which parents must be vigilant. In infants, for example, the younger the age, parents should be more alert. Look under the general rule is; in older infants (aged 6 months or more), we just call the doctor if the temperature approached 40 ° C. In younger infants, it is recommended to contact the doctor if the temperature 38 ° C or more.
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In addition to high body temperature, doctors also need to be contacted on the following conditions:
* If the child's condition deteriorated * Fever has lasted 72 hours * Hard to drink or not drink or are dehydrated * Fussy or constant crying, can not be appeased * Sleep continuously, weak and difficult to wake (lethargic) * Seizures or stiff neck neck * Great headaches that persist * Shortness of breath * Vomiting, diarrhea constantly
Cold
* A fever of more than 72 hours * Cough more than one week; or cough violently with vomiting. * Fussy and lethargy * Shortness of breath or appear kebiruian around the lips and mouth * Rarely urination (see dehydration) or do not want to drink * Sputum was blood * "Mucus" thick green more than 2 weeks
COUGH
* Having difficulty breathing or breathing with a vengeance (respiratory muscles mobilized an additional part that looks the muscles between the ribs are interested in, the muscles on the scapula is also interested in, nostril breathing); * Blue in the lips, tongue or face; * High fever, especially if there is no cough cold, while in infants younger than 3 months, doctors have to keep calling (without regard to high fever); * Infants £ 3-month-old who coughed for several hours; * If the whooping sound when breathing after coughing; * If there is coughing blood (except when the child had suffered a nosebleed, the blood in his cough is usually nothing to worry about);
Pada umumnya, demam tidak membahayakan, namun demikian, ada beberapa kondisi dimana orang tua harus waspada. Pada bayi misalnya, semakin muda usianya,orang tua harus harus semakin waspada. Tengok patokan umum di bawah ini;
pada bayi yang lebih tua (usia 6 bulan atau lebih), kita baru menghubungi dokter bila suhunya mendekati 40°C. Pada bayi yang lebih muda, dianjurkan untuk menghubungi dokter bila suhunya 38°C atau lebih.
Bila bayi berusia <>
Bila bayi berusia 3 - 6 bulan dengan suhu tubuh ³ 38.5°C
Bayi dan anak berusia > 6 bulan, dengan suhu tubuh ³ 40°C
Selain tingginya suhu tubuh, dokter juga perlu dihubungi pada beberapa kondisi berikut ini:
Apabila kondisi anak memburuk
Demam sudah berlangsung 72 jam
Susah minum atau tidak mau minum atau sudah mengalami dehidrasi
Rewel atau menangis terus menerus, tidak dapat ditenangkan
Tidur terus menerus, lemas dan sulit dibangunkan (lethargic)
Kejang atau kaku kuduk leher
Sakit kepala hebat yang menetap
Sesak napas
Muntah, diare terus-menerus
SELESMA
Demam lebih dari 72 jam
Batuk lebih dari satu minggu; atau batuk hebat dengan muntah-muntah.
Rewel dan letargi
Sesak napas atau tampak kebiruian sekitar bibir dan mulut
Jarang buang air kecil (lihat dehidrasi) atau tidak mau minum
Dahak ada darahnya
"Ingus" hijau kental lebih dari 2 minggu
BATUK
Mengalami kesulitan bernapas atau bernapas dengan sekuat tenaga (otot-otot pernapasan tambahan ikut dikerahkan sehingga tampak otot-otot di sela-sela iga tertarik ke dalam, otot di atas belikat juga tertarik ke dalam, napas cuping hidung);
Kebiruan di bibir, lidah atau wajah;
Demam tinggi terutama bila tidak ada batuk pilek; sedangkan pada bayi berusia kurang dari 3 bulan, dokter harus tetap dihubungi (tanpa memandang tingginya demam);
Bayi berusia £ 3 bulan yang terbatuk-batuk selama beberapa jam;
Bila terdengar suara whooping saat bernapas sesudah terbatuk;
Bila batuk ada darahnya (kecuali bila anak baru saja mengalami mimisan,maka biasanya darah di batuknya tidak perlu dikhawatirkan);
DIARE
Popoknya tidak basah selama 8 jam, serta tanda-tanda dehidrasi yang sudah dikemukakan di atas.
Demam tinggi.
Tinjanya berdarah.
Mengantuk luar biasa, lemas, sulit dibangunkan.
Bila anaknya mengalami diare kronis.
INFEKSI TELINGA
Bawa anak ke dokter bila anda mencurigai adanya otitis media. Namun harap diingat, dokter tidak otomatis akan memberikan antibiotika setiap kali telinga anak terlihat merah.
Bayi dan anak kecil berisiko untuk kerap terkena infeksi telinga
Otitis media tidak selalu harus diobati dengan antibiotika
Untuk beberapa lama (sampai dengan 3 bulan) sesudah otitis media, akan terdapat cairan di rongga telinga tengah. Ini merupakan kondisi yang normal dan tidak membutuhkan pengobatan apapun.
MUNTAH
Muntah yang tidak disertai dengan gejala lain dan tidak berulang, biasanya bukan hal yang perlu dikhawatirkan. Bawa segera anak ke rumah sakit bila:
Muntah kehijauan.
Sakit perut selama 6 jam.
Bintik-bintik merah muda/keunguan yang tidak hilang saat ditekan.
Hubungi dokter bila anak menunjukkan gejala berikut:
Bayi muntah-muntah selama 6 jam terakhir atau anak selama 12 jam
Apabila bayi menunjukkan gejala dehidrasi (ubun-ubun besar cekung (bayi), matanya cekung, bibir kering; buang air kecil sedikit dan berwarna lebih tua dari biasanya; elastisitas kulit menurun.
Tidak mau minum.
Mengantuk luar biasa dan rewel.
KONDISI GAWAT DARURAT: KENALILAH
Mengantuk luar biasa (drowsiness). Kesadaran agak menurun, kontak mata berkurang. Berbagai rangsangan (termasuk rangsangan suara) tidak menimbulkan respons dari pihak si anak
Letargi atau penurunan aktivitas. Anak berbaring lunglai, kaki dan tangan jarang digerakkan. Anak juga tidak tertarik untuk terlibat dalam suatu kegiatan.
Gangguan napas. Anak bernapas dengan cepat atau merintih saat bernapas, atau setiap kali menarik napas, otot-otot dada tertarik ke dalam.
Tidak mau minum atau makan (poor feeding). Minum jauh lebih sedikit dari biasanya. Bayi tidak mau menetek atau meneteknya sangat jarang dan hisapannya lemah. Bayi non ASI hanya minum separuh dari kebutuhannya dalam 24 jam. Bayi juga samasekali menolak makan.
Muntah menyemprot. Muntah ini tidak ada kaitannya dengan makan atau minum, tidak ada pula kaitannya dengan batuk. Muntah kuat terjadi secara tiba-tiba. Pikirkan kemungkinan adanya peningkatan tekanan di rongga kepala seperti yang biasa terjadi pada meningitis.
Produksi urin berkurang atau dehidrasi berat. Anak buang air kecil kurang dari 4 kali dalam 24 jam (popoknya tetap kering selama 6 - 8 jam).
Bayi tersedak (bayi tidak bisa bernapas, muka menjadi merah lalu biru).
Diare terus menerus selama 12 jam terakhir. Muntah-muntah hebat.
Kondisi lain yang juga perlu untuk dibawa ke unit layanan kesehatan adalah muntah berwana hijau, kejang berulang atau lama, demam tinggi (terutama demam pada bayiberusia kurang dari 6 bulan), hernia, rewel terus menerus dan sulit ditenangkan