HEALTHY LIFE STYLE: expired

Exactly How to Save and Use Drugs (2)

Before or After Eating

Drug administration and time consuming, also influenced the profile of each drug. Depending on how the body's response to the profile of drug chemistry and physics.

But in general, the absorption of drugs given per-oral route would be optimal if consumed on an empty stomach or before meals.

In this condition the drug would be faster to reach the small intestine (where most major drug absorption) and more fully absorbed. Thus the concentration into the optimal blood circulation.

Unfortunately there are some medications that can cause irritation of the stomach, such as pain medication and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (aspirin, mefenamic acid, diclofenac acid) so that should be consumed after a meal.

Similarly, a supplement that takes time to transit in the digestive tract longer, such as vitamin B12, so that should be taken after eating more perfect absorption.

In certain cases, the drug is consumed by particular physiological cycle, such as cholesterol drugs (simvastatin), to be consumed at night. Due to the optimum cholesterol formation cycle at night and need to be inhibited by certain active substances. While the consumption of certain drugs could be placed under the tongue, such as drugs Antianginals (for the narrowing of coronary arteries of heart attack), because it will be readily absorbed in the fine blood vessels under the tongue without going through the digestive system and liver. Thus its performance will be much faster and optimized.

Should not the Refrigerator

While for the storage of drugs, can be done with medicine containers tightly closed. Do not save medicine that has damaged packaging. When the tablet is packaged in aluminum foil, should not keep tablets that packaging has been opened.

Or if the drug in pharmaceutical suspensions, try the bottle tightly closed, do not be exposed to or affected by water droplets. Save storage of medication according to instructions indicated on the packaging, eg in the temperature of 15-25 degrees Celsius. "Not all drugs need to enter a freezer, except supposituria vaccines and supplies (drugs per-anal, ed.)," Said Nico.

Another thing to note, avoid sun exposure or free air directly on the drug. Notice also the storage of drugs. For dosage drug suspension (syrup) should not be stored too long or not more than two weeks. When the drugs made from active antibiotics, should be spent only according to your doctor's instructions.

Storage of intact tablets in foil packaging can be stored and used up before the period expired. While the capsules can be consumed while it is still intact in the bottle, have not changed the smell, color and stay dry.

Do not store the powder, because the mix of drugs is generally not stable and easy to react to the free air and air humidity.

Principle, should not be too long drug stores such as syrups or capsules are packaged in bottles if you have never been opened or consumed. "But if it is new and has never been drunk, it does not matter as long as it is in the use of or has not expired," said Nico.

Observe Drug Packaging

When receiving a new drug or drugs from the medicine cabinet check, consider the integrity of the packaging and the date expired. Better be careful if you receive drugs from pharmacies in the form of newspaper clippings that are not intact.

For example pieces of content of three tablets plus pieces of content plus 5 pieces 2 tablets tablets tablets for a total of 10 seeds. Should reject it, to be wary of the former drug had a busy few media reported some time ago.

Notice also the drug while receiving drug packaging berkemasan (with a paper manual, ed.) As well as OTC drugs. Read especially on the drug indication. Do not use the drug if it is not in accordance with the symptoms and diagnosis of disease, although many people claimed the drug was effective.

Do not forget to look at the special percaution (special instructions), because it contains things that can cause complications during the use of drugs. Examples of special precaution: for people with high blood pressure, diabetes, migraine, etc.. Be careful if you have the condition.

This does not mean you can not eat them, but it can happen or worsening of symptoms and circumstances. Therefore, the need to pay more attention when taking the drug. In the event of intolerance, immediately stop using it!

Do not forget to read and aware of contraindications, because the warning is an absolute can not be used in specified circumstances. If ignored, it can occur that result in fatal effects of the drug.

Note also the dose, advice and prescribed medication, unless there are other considerations from the doctors who prescribe it. Your doctor may give dosage and use different rules for consideration of the competence and professionalism.

Damayanti Laili
source web tabloidnova

Cara Tepat Simpan dan Gunakan Obat (2)

18:41 Posted In aturan konsumsi , batas penyimpanan , Berkhasiat Obat , Cara Tepat Simpan dan Gunakan Obat (2) , efektivitas , expired , kedaluwarsa , kemasan , perubahan konsistensi , segel , sirup , tablet Edit This

Sebelum atau Sesudah Makan

Pemberian obat dan waktu mengkonsumsinya, juga dipengaruhi profil masing-masing obat. Tergantung bagaimana reaksi tubuh terhadap profil kimia dan fisika obat.

Namun secara umum, penyerapan obat yang diberikan per-oral akan optimal jika dikonsumsi dalam kondisi perut kosong atau sebelum makan.

Pada kondisi ini obat akan lebih cepat mencapai usus halus (tempat penyerapan obat yang paling utama) serta lebih lengkap diserap. Dengan demikian konsentrasi yang masuk ke dalam sirkulasi darah menjadi optimal.

Sayangnya beberapa obat ada yang dapat menyebabkan efek iritasi pada lambung, seperti obat pereda nyeri dan anti radang non steroid (aspirin, asam mefenamat, asam diklofenak) sehingga sebaiknya dikonsumsi setelah makan.

Begitu pula suplemen yang memerlukan waktu transit di saluran cerna lebih lama, seperti vitamin B12, sebaiknya diminum setelah makan agar penyerapannya lebih sempurna.

Pada kasus tertentu, obat dikonsumsi berdasarkan siklus fisiologis tubuh tertentu, seperti obat kolesterol (simvastatin) yang harus dikonsumsi malam hari. Dikarenakan siklus pembentukan kolesterol optimum pada malam hari dan perlu dihambat dengan zat aktif tertentu. Sedangkan konsumsi obat tertentu bisa diletakkan di bawah lidah, seperti obat antiangina (untuk serangan penyempitan pembuluh koroner jantung), karena akan langsung diserap pembuluh darah halus di bawah lidah tanpa melalui sistim pencernaan dan hati. Dengan demikian kerjanya akan jauh lebih cepat dan optimal.

Tak Harus di Lemari Pendingin

Sedangkan untuk penyimpanan obat, bisa dilakukan dengan menutup rapat kemasan obat. Jangan menyimpan obat yang sudah rusak kemasannya. Bila tablet dikemas dalam aluminium foil, sebaiknya tidak menyimpan tablet yang kemasannya sudah terbuka.

Atau bila obat dalam sediaan suspensi, upayakan botol tertutup rapat, jangan terkena ataupun terkena tetesan air. Simpan obat sesuai petunjuk penyimpanan yang tertera pada kemasan, misal dalam suhu 15-25 derajat Celcius. “Tidak semua obat perlu masuk pendingin, kecuali vaksin dan sediaan supposituria (obat per-anal, red.),” tegas Nico.

Hal lain yang perlu diperhatikan, hindari paparan sinar matahari atau udara bebas secara langsung pada obat. Perhatikan pula masa penyimpanan obat. Untuk obat sediaan suspensi (sirup) sebaiknya tidak disimpan terlalu lama atau tidak lebih dari 2 minggu. Bila obat berbahan aktif antibiotik, sebaiknya dihabiskan saja sesuai petunjuk dokter.

Penyimpanan tablet yang masih utuh dalam kemasan aluminium foil dapat disimpan dan digunakan sampai sebelum masa expired. Sedangkan kapsul masih dapat dikonsumsi selama masih utuh dalam botolnya, belum berubah bau, warna dan tetap kering.

Jangan menyimpan puyer, karena campuran obat umumnya tidak stabil dan mudah bereaksi terhadap udara bebas dan kelembapan udara.

Prinsipnya, sebaiknya tidak menyimpan obat terlalu lama seperti sirup atau kapsul yang dikemas dalam botol jika telah pernah dibuka atau dikonsumsi. "Tapi, kalau masih baru dan belum pernah diminum, tidak masalah asalkan masih dalam masa penggunaan atau belum expired,” papar Nico.

Cermati Kemasan Obat

Ketika menerima obat baru atau memeriksa obat dari lemari obat, perhatikan keutuhan kemasan dan tanggal expired. Sebaiknya hati-hati jika menerima obat dari apotik dalam bentuk guntingan-guntingan yang tidak utuh.

Misalnya potongan isi 3 tablet ditambah potongan isi 5 tablet ditambah lagi potongan 2 tablet untuk total tablet 10 biji. Sebaiknya tolak saja, untuk mewaspadai pemberian obat bekas yang pernah ramai diberitakan beberapa media beberapa waktu lalu.

Perhatikan pula kemasan obat ketika menerima obat berkemasan (dengan kertas petunjuk penggunaan, red.) maupun obat bebas. Bacalah terutama pada bagian indikasi obat. Jangan gunakan obat jika tidak sesuai dengan gejala dan diagnosis penyakit, meski banyak orang menyatakan obat tersebut efektif.

Jangan lupa cermati special percaution (petunjuk khusus), karena ini berisi hal-hal yang dapat menimbulkan komplikasi selama menggunakan obat. Contoh special precaution: bagi penderita tekanan darah tinggi, kencing manis, migrain, dsb. Berhati-hatilah jika Anda memiliki kondisi tersebut.

Ini bukan berarti Anda tidak dapat mengonsumsinya, namun dapat terjadi gejala dan atau perburukan keadaan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, perlu perhatian lebih ketika mengonsumsi obat itu. Bila terjadi intoleransi, segera hentikan penggunaannya!

Jangan lupa membaca dan mewaspadai kontraindikasi, karena peringatan ini mutlak tidak bisa digunakan pada keadaan yang tertera. Jika diabaikan, dapat terjadi efek obat yang berakibat fatal.

Perhatikan juga dosis, anjuran dan aturan pakai obat, kecuali ada pertimbangan lain dari dokter yang meresepkannya. Dokter mungkin saja memberikan dosis dan aturan pakai yang berbeda karena pertimbangan kompetensi dan profesionalismenya.

Laili Damayanti

sumber web Tabloidnova

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Exactly How to Save and Use Drugs (1)

18:36 Posted In changes in consistency , Effectiveness , Efficacious medicine , expired , expiry , How to Save and Use the Right Drugs (1) , packaging , rules of consumption , seal , storage limit , syrup , tablets Edit This

Can the drug consumed repeatedly? Should the drug be stored in the refrigerator? Find the answer!

Acting alert to provide drugs at home is a good step. But often we ask, why are so many rules of consumption and different treatment?

Yes, questions about these drugs is considerable.

How long storage time limits which are already used drugs? How to save a good medicine? How do procedure of taking the drug right? Though store and consume the rest of OTC drugs at home are common that many people do.

Mazy drug storage procedures, ways of consumption and time consumption of drugs was invited concerns have an impact on the effectiveness of the drug.

"Actually it depends how to use the drug as well as the need for disease severity of drug effect is achieved immediately," said dr. Nicolaski Lumbuun, SpFK., A specialist in clinical pharmacology from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan, Lippo Karawaci.

"While the principle of storing drugs such as tablets, syrup, which is still in its packaging or sealed, as long as the drug still has not expired (expired) may be used. If you have opened and never been drunk, then note the sign of damage such as changes in the consistency of the drug (if the form of capsules become sticky , the syrup becomes thicker or forming a separate layer), color or odor, "said Nico.

For clarity, Nico presents details about the manner of treating the drug.

Different Diseases, Bede Consumption mode

There are many medicinal preparations known in the medical world, began drug parenteral (injection into veins, infusion, injection into muscle, joint cavity, or his spinal cavity bottom layer of the skin), oral (taken) by the respiratory (nebulizer / evaporation, or inhalant / inhaled through the mouth), topical (rubbed on the skin can be a cream, ointment, or lotion), drug per-anal (rectal or rectal), until the tablet is placed under the tongue.

Basically, all adjusted to the physical state of the patient, severity of disease, as well as the speed of therapeutic effects.

In acute cases, patients are not aware of the situation or need immediate therapeutic effect, intravenous injection of drug was chosen because it can give an instant effect.

Apart from the reaction speeds, a wide range of dosage is also intended to achieve a target organ therapy effectively.

It also aims to minimize the side effects that may occur. For example, in patients who are unconscious, vomiting continuously, swallowing disorders or diarrhea, can be given drugs in addition to per-oral drug.

How many times a day

Frequency of taking the drugs are basically following the pharmacological profiles such as chemical and biological properties of drugs, drug interactions with the body and the biological body to the drug treatment. All this of course was confirmed in a lengthy clinical trial process.

Drug levels in blood rapidly decreased due to pharmacological profile, requires giving a rather frequent intervals (2-3 times a day). The goal is that therapeutic effects could be maintained for 24 hours.

While the drug with a pharmacological profile relative levels within a long enough, enough given once daily.

Many of the benefits of the drug with a long interval, or giving relatively less frequently as once a day. But mainly, patient adherence to medication is the most important.

Patients in general often forget to take medication if it should be two or three times a day. So that the adverse effects of drugs will be reduced because of drug exposure of organs to be reduced.

But with the latest technological findings, allows to profile the work of some medications becoming longer.

The technology is called controlled release dosage form, extended release or oros (off slow), allowing once-daily consumption.

Effectiveness of these drugs can produce the equivalent of a conventional form to be drunk more often, but with a more minimal side effects because the drug levels in blood is relatively stable. Some examples of drugs is slow off antihypertensive medications, antidiabetic, to chronic pain.
Damayanti Laili

Source web tabloidnova.com

Cara Tepat Simpan dan Gunakan Obat (1)

18:21 Posted In aturan konsumsi , batas penyimpanan , Berkhasiat Obat , Cara Tepat Simpan dan Gunakan Obat (1) , efektivitas , expired , kedaluwarsa , kemasan , perubahan konsistensi , segel , sirup , tablet Edit This

Foto: Romy Palar

Bolehkah obat dikonsumsi berulang kali? Haruskah obat disimpan di dalam lemari pendingin? Temukan jawabnya!

Bertindak waspada dengan menyediakan obat di rumah adalah langkah yang baik. Namun seringkali kita bertanya, mengapa begitu banyak aturan konsumsi dan perlakuan yang berbeda?

Ya, pertanyaan seputar obat ini sangatlah banyak.

Berapa lama batas waktu penyimpanan obat yang sudah dipergunakan? Bagaimana menyimpan obat yang baik? Bagaimana tata cara mengonsumsi obat yang benar? Padahal menyimpan dan mengonsumsi sisa obat bebas di rumah adalah hal biasa yang dilakukan banyak orang.

Simpang siur tata cara penyimpanan obat, cara konsumsi dan waktu konsumsi obat pun mengundang kekhawatiran berdampak pada efektivitas obat.

“Sebenarnya cara menggunakan obat itu tergantung keparahan penyakit maupun perlunya efek obat dicapai segera," ungkap dr. Nicolaski Lumbuun, SpFK., spesialis farmakologi klinik dari Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan, Lippo Karawaci.

"Sedangkan prinsip penyimpanan obat seperti tablet, sirup yang masih dalam kemasannya atau tersegel, sepanjang obat tersebut masih belum expired (kedaluwarsa) bisa digunakan. Jika sudah dibuka dan pernah diminum, maka perhatikan tanda tanda kerusakan obat seperti perubahan konsistensi (bila bentuk kapsul menjadi lengket, sirup menjadi lebih kental atau membentuk lapisan terpisah), warna maupun bau,” lanjut Nico.

Agar lebih jelas, Nico memaparkan detil mengenai tata cara memperlakukan obat.

Beda Penyakit, Beda Cara Konsumsi

Ada banyak sediaan obat yang dikenal di dunia kesehatan, mulai obat parenteral (suntikan ke pembuluh darah vena, infus, injeksi ke otot, rongga sendi, rongga spinal ataupun ke lapisan bawah kulit), oral (diminum), melalui pernafasan (nebulizer/ penguapan, maupun inhalant/dihisap melalui mulut), topikal (oles di kulit bisa berupa krim, ointment, maupun lotion), obat per-anal (rektal atau melalui dubur), hingga tablet yang diletakkan di bawah lidah.

Pada dasarnya semua disesuaikan dengan keadaan fisik pasien, tingkat keparahan penyakit, serta kecepatan timbulnya efek terapi.

Pada kasus akut, keadaan pasien tidak sadar atau kebutuhan efek terapi segera, obat injeksi intravena dipilih karena dapat memberi efek yang instant.

Selain kecepatan reaksi, sediaan yang beraneka ragam juga dimaksudkan untuk mencapai organ yang menjadi target terapi secara efektif.

Hal ini juga bertujuan meminimalisir efek samping yang mungkin terjadi. Misal, pada pasien yang tak sadarkan diri, muntah terus menerus, menderita gangguan menelan maupun diare, bisa diberikan obat selain obat per-oral.

Berapa Kali Dalam Sehari

Frekuensi meminum obat pada dasarnya mengikuti profil farmakologi seperti sifat kimia dan biologi obat, interaksi obat dengan tubuh serta perlakuan biologis tubuh terhadap obat. Kesemuanya tentu sudah dipastikan dalam proses uji klinik yang panjang.

Obat yang kadar dalam darah cepat menurun karena profil farmakologinya, memerlukan interval pemberian yang agak sering (2-3 kali sehari). Tujuannya agar efek terapi dapat dipertahankan selama 24 jam.

Sedangkan obat dengan profil farmakologi yang kadarnya relatif cukup dalam tempo yang panjang, cukup diberikan sekali sehari.

Banyak keuntungan pemberian obat dengan interval panjang atau pemberian relatif lebih jarang seperti sekali sehari. Namun terutama, kepatuhan pasien minum obat adalah yang terpenting.

Pasien pada umumnya sering lupa minum obat jika harus 2 atau 3 kali sehari. Sehingga efek samping obat akan berkurang karena paparan obat terhadap organ tubuh menjadi berkurang.

Namun dengan temuan teknologi terkini, memungkinkan untuk membuat profil kerja beberapa obat jadi lebih panjang.

Teknologi tersebut disebut dengan sediaan controlled release, extended release maupun oros (lepas lambat), sehingga memungkinkan dikonsumsi sekali sehari.

Obat ini mampu menghasilkan efektivitas setara dengan bentuk konvensional yang diminum lebih sering, namun dengan efek samping lebih minim karena kadar obat dalam darah relatif stabil. Beberapa contoh obat lepas lambat adalah obat antihipertensi, antidiabetes, hingga nyeri kronis.